Ascites and Liver Disease

Ascites (say "uh-SY-teez") is the buildup of fluid in the belly. The extra fluid can cause your belly to swell and make it hard to breathe. Many health problems can cause ascites, including liver disease and some cancers.

How is ascites treated?

Treatment for ascites may include taking medicines, eating a low-salt diet, and having paracentesis therapy.

Medicines

Your doctor may prescribe a diuretic medicine for you to take over the long term. These medicines can help get rid of fluid that has built up in the belly and other parts of the body.

Low-salt diet

You may need to reduce your sodium intake by eating less salt. Sodium causes your body to retain water. It increases fluid buildup in your belly as well as your legs and lungs. This buildup can lead to trouble breathing, infection, and other problems.

A dietitian can help you get started or find more ways to cut down on salt and eat a variety of healthy foods.

Paracentesis

Paracentesis is a procedure used to remove some of the fluid. It may be used if you:

• Have severe ascites that's causing extreme discomfort, including belly pain and trouble breathing. The procedure may relieve discomfort before you start treatment with one or more diuretics.
• Have not responded to standard treatment with diuretic medicine and a low-salt diet.
• Could have an infection.
• Are working with your doctor to find out what is causing your ascites.